Real-Time Control of Direct Laser Deposition Process of Inconel 718 Using Laser Emission Spectroscopy

Capa

Citar

Texto integral

Acesso aberto Acesso aberto
Acesso é fechado Acesso está concedido
Acesso é fechado Somente assinantes

Resumo

Using atomic emission spectroscopy, the gas-plasma plume generated during laser selective melting of various alloys was investigated. It was demonstrated that the type of protective gas used affects the spectral characteristics. The use of helium as a process gas compared to argon reduces overall luminescence and the contributions of individual elements to the spectrum, indicating lower losses of these elements through evaporation under laser radiation exposure.

Texto integral

Acesso é fechado

Sobre autores

Alexander Golyshev

Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alexgol@itam.nsc.ru
Rússia, 4/1, Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090

Nikolay Maslov

Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: nmaslov@itam.nsc.ru
Rússia, 4/1, Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090

Sergey Konstantinov

Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: azkin@mail.ru
Rússia, 4/1, Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090

Alexander Malikov

Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: smalik707@yandex.ru
Rússia, 4/1, Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090

Bibliografia

  1. Malikov A.G., Golyshev A.A., Vitoshkin I.E. Recent trends in laser welding and additive technologies (Review) // Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics. 2023. V. 64. No. 1. P. 31—49.
  2. Golyshev A.A., Malikov A.G., Orishich A.M., Gulov M.A., Ancharov A.I. The effect of using repetitively pulsed laser radiation in selective laser melting when creating a metal-matrix composite Ti—6Al—4V—B4C // International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2021. V. 117. P. 1891—1904.
  3. Matsunawa A., Kim J.D. Basic understanding on beam-plasma interaction in laser welding // Pacific International Conference on Applications of Lasers and Optics. Laser Institute of America. 2006. V. 2006. No. 1. P. 128—133.
  4. Mrňa L., Šarbort M. Plasma bursts in deep penetration laser welding // Physics Procedia. 2014. V. 56. P. 1261—1267.
  5. Sun D., Cai Y., Wang Y., Wu Y., Wu Y. Effect of He–Ar ratio of side assisting gas on plasma 3D formation during CO2 laser welding // Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 2014. V. 56. P. 41—49.
  6. Kuo T.Y., Lin Y.D. Effects of different shielding gases and power waveforms on penetration characteristics and porosity formation in laser welding of Inconel 690 alloy // Materials transactions. 2007. V. 48. No. 2. P. 219—226.
  7. Ahn J., He E., Chen L., Dear J., Davies C. The effect of Ar and He shielding gas on fibre laser weld shape and microstructure in AA 2024-T3 // Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2017. V. 29. P. 62—73.
  8. Bidare P., Bitharas I., Ward R.M., Attallah M.M., Moore A.J. Fluid and particle dynamics in laser powder bed fusion // Acta Materialia. 2018. V. 142. P. 107—120.
  9. Ye D., Zhu K., Fuh J.Y.H., Zhang Y., Soon H.G. The investigation of plume and spatter signatures on melted states in selective laser melting // Optics and Laser Technology. 2018. V. 111 (March). P. 395—406.
  10. You D.Y., Gao X.D., Katayama S. Review of laser welding monitoring // Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 2014. V. 19. No. 3. P. 181—201.
  11. Collur M.M., Debroy T. Emission spectroscopy of plasma during laser welding of AISI 201 stainless steel // Metall. Mater. Trans. B. 1989. V. 20. No. 2. P. 277—286.
  12. Szymański Z., Kurzyna J., Kalita W. The spectroscopy of the plasma plume induced during laser welding of stainless steel and titanium // J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 1997. V. 30. No. 22. P. 3153–3162.
  13. Dai J., Wang X., Yang L., Huang J., Zhang Ya., Chen J. Study of plasma in laser welding of magnesium alloy // Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2014. V. 73. No. 1—4. P. 443—447.
  14. Zhou L., Zhang M., Jin X., Zhang H., Mao C. Study on the burning loss of magnesium in fiber laser welding of an Al—Mg alloy by optical emission spectroscopy // Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2017. V. 88. No. 5—8. P. 1373—1381.
  15. Song L., Wang C., Mazumder J. Identification of phase transformation using optical emission spectroscopy for direct metal deposition process // High Power Laser Mater. Process. Lasers, Beam Deliv. Diagnostics, Appl. 2012. V. 8239. P. 82390G.
  16. Hu Y., Chen H., Liang X., Xie J. Monitoring molten pool temperature, grain size and molten pool plasma with integrated area of the spectrum during laser additive manufacturing // Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2021. V. 64 (February). P. 851—860.
  17. Schmidt M., Gorny S., Rüssmeier N., Partes K. Investigation of Direct Metal Deposition Processes Using High-Resolution In-line Atomic Emission Spectroscopy // Journal of Thermal Spray Technology. 2023. V. 32 (2—3). P. 586—598.
  18. Lough C.S., Escano L.I., Qu M., Smith C.C., Landers R.G., Bristow D.A., Chen L., Kinzel E.C. In-situ optical emission spectroscopy of selective laser melting // Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2020. V. 53 (January). P. 336—341.
  19. Maslov N.A., Konstantinov S.A., Malikov A.G. Development of approaches to optical diagnostics of laser weld formation process in real time based on laser emission spectroscopy // Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing. 2023. V. 59. No. 6. P. 736—742.
  20. Tsibulskaya E., Maslov N. Decomposition of multi‐component fluorescence spectra by narrow peak method based on principal component analysis // Journal of Chemometrics. 2021. V. 35. No. 6. P. e3343.
  21. Manne R. On the resolution problem in hyphenated chromatography // Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 1995. V. 27. No. 1. P. 89—94.
  22. Abdullaev R.N., Khairulin R.A., Stankus S.V., Kozlovskii Yu.M. Density and volumetric expansion of the Inconel 718 alloy in solid and liquid states // Thermophysics and Aeromechanics. 2019. V. 26. No. 5. P. 785—788.
  23. Halstead W.D. A review of saturated vapour pressures and allied data for the principal corrosion products of iron, chromium, nickel and cobalt in flue gases // Corrosion Science. 1975. V. 15. No. 6—12. P. 603—625.
  24. Matthews M.J., Guss G., Khairallah S.A., Rubenchik A.M., Depond P.J., King W.E. Denudation of metal powder layers in laser powder-bed fusion processes / Additive manufacturing handbook. CRC Press, 2017. P. 677—692.

Arquivos suplementares

Arquivos suplementares
Ação
1. JATS XML
Baixar
2. Fig. 1. Schematics of the gas-laser torch and the conducted experiment.

Baixar (283KB)
Metadados
3. Fig. 2. Spectra measured during laser exposure of stainless steel substrate samples using helium or argon as protective process gas.

Baixar (168KB)
Metadados
4. Fig. 3. Spectra averaged over 5 measurements for different laser irradiation powers and types of shielding gas (a - argon; b - helium).

Baixar (331KB)
Metadados
5. Fig. 4. Example of spectra representation as a sum (a - original spectrum; b - its continuous part; c - its linear part).

Baixar (239KB)
Metadados
6. Fig. 5. Intensity of chromium lines for different laser irradiation powers and types of shielding gas (a - argon; b - helium).

Baixar (162KB)
Metadados
7. Fig. 6. Analysis of MHC spectra: a - GC; b - non-convex approximation of the thermal spectrum using GC; c - comparison of the found components (dashed line) with the theoretical dependence (solid line); d - full set of components.

Baixar (594KB)
Metadados
8. Fig. 7. Component contributions to the continuum part of the spectrum using argon (a - 1780 K component; b - 2730 K component; c - molecular component) and helium (d - 1780 K component; e - 2730 K component; f - molecular component).

Baixar (365KB)
Metadados

Declaração de direitos autorais © Russian Academy of Sciences, 2025