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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633456</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj42263-73</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Methods of diagnostics and technologies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Методы диагностики и технологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of kidney cancer complicated by tumor thrombosis of renal vein and inferior vena cava of level I–II</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения рака почки, осложненного опухолевым тромбозом почечной и нижней полой вены I–II уровней</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8365-7672</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5892-4003</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzabekov</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзабеков</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate of the Department of Radiology, Surgery and Oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры радиологии, хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><email>Musabek.mirzabekoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-7999</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4743-9236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolnik</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьник</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Radiology, Surgery and Oncology, Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник, доцент, профессор кафедры радиологии, хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><email>Musabek.mirzabekoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5860-9076</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6554-4775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomolov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомолов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Radiology, Surgery and Oncology, Chief Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, доцент кафедры радиологии, хирургии и онкологии</p></bio><email>Musabek.mirzabekoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-337X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5957-6715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhorov</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохоров</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела интервенционной радиологии и оперативной хирургии</p></bio><email>Musabek.mirzabekoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies named after Academician A.M. Granov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный центр радиологии и хирургических технологий имени академика А.М. Гранова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-14"><day>14</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/633456">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/633456</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective</bold><bold>.</bold> To analyze the data of patients with kidney cancer complicated by tumor venous thrombosis of the renal vein and inferior vena cava of levels 1–2 who underwent laparotomic and laparoscopic surgical treatment.</p> <p><bold>Materials</bold><bold> and methods. </bold>A study of 100 patients diagnosed with kidney cancer complicated by tumor venous thrombosis of the renal vein and inferior vena cava of levels 1–2 was conducted at <italic>Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies named after Academician A.M. Granov</italic> in the period from 2007–2024. 50 (<italic>n</italic> = 50) patients underwent open surgery, and the rest 50 (<italic>n</italic> = 50) patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In the group of patients with laparoscopic surgery, in 8 (<italic>n</italic> = 8) patients, conversion of approach was performed which resulted in tumor thrombus invasion into the inferior vena cava (IVC) wall; adhesive disease; uncontrolled bleeding.</p> <p><bold>Results</bold><bold>.</bold> The median duration of laparoscopic surgery was 127.5 (115–155) min and surgery with laparotomy approach –132.5 (110–155) min, <italic>p =</italic> 0.4006. The median volume of blood loss in endoscopic approach was 200 (150–300) ml, in laparotomy – 250 (200–350) ml, <italic>p =</italic> 0.0105. Postoperative complications of the first class according to the Clavien–Dindo classification were observed in 20 patients (20 %), those of the second class were in 8 patients (8 %), 3 patients (3 %) had the third-class severity and the 4th class severity was noted in 2 patients (2 %). The median duration of hospital stay was 9 days for open surgery (8–10) and 7 days in laparoscopy (7–8), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions</bold><bold>.</bold> The data of the conducted study demonstrate the effectiveness of classical nephrectomy with thrombectomy for patients diagnosed with kidney cancer complicated by tumor venous thrombosis of the renal vein and inferior vena cava of levels 1–2. Conventional laparotomic nephrectomy with thrombectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of locally advanced renal cell cancer in stage pT3a and pT3b, but laparoscopic approach acts as an effective alternative. The above study clearly demonstrates it.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель</bold><bold>.</bold> Провести анализ данных пациентов с раком почки, осложненного опухолевым венозным тромбозом почечной и нижней полой вены 1–2-го уровней, которым было выполнено хирургическое лечение лапаротомическим и лапароскопическим доступом.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>На базе РНЦРХТ им. академика А.М. Гранова в период 2007–2024 гг. было проведено исследование данных 100 пациентов с диагнозом рака почки, осложненного опухолевым венозным тромбозом почечной и нижней полой вены 1–2-го уровней. 50 пациентам была проведена хирургическая операция открытым доступом, 50 пациентам – лапароскопическим доступом. В группе с лапароскипией 8 пациентам была выполнена конверсия доступа в результате: прорастания опухолевого тромба в стенку нижней полой вены; спаечной болезни; неконтролируемого кровотечения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Медиана продолжительности операции при лапароскопическом доступе 127,5 (115–155) мин, при лапаротомном доступе –132,5 (110–155) мин, <italic>p</italic><italic> =</italic> 0,4006. Медиана объема кровопотери при эндоскопическом доступе составила 200 (150–300) мл, лапаротомии – 250 (200–350) мл, <italic>p</italic><italic> =</italic> 0,0105. Послеоперационные осложнения первого класса по классификации Clavien – Dindo наблюдались у 20 пациентов (20 %), второго класса – у 8 (8 %), третьего класса – у 3 (3 %), четвертого класса – у 2 (2 %). Медиана продолжительности пребывания в стационаре составила 9 суток при открытом доступе (8–10) и 7 суток после лапароскопии (7–8), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Данные проведенного исследования демонстрируют эффективность применения классической нефрэктомии с тромбэктомией для пациентов с диагнозом рака почки, осложненного опухолевым венозным тромбозом почечной и нижней полой вены 1–2-го уровней. Традиционная лапаротомическая нефрэктомия с тромбэктомией является золотым стандартом в лечении местно-распространенного почечно-клеточного рака в стадии pT3a и pT3b, но лапароскопический доступ выступает эффективной альтернативой. Исследование отчетливо это демонстрирует.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>complication by venous thrombosis</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic approach</kwd><kwd>laparotomic approach</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>осложнение венозным тромбозом</kwd><kwd>лапароскопический доступ</kwd><kwd>лапаротомический доступ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Capitanio U., Bensalah K., Bex A. et al. Epidemiology of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol. 2019; 75 (1): 74–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.08.036</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davydov M.I., Matveev V.B., Volkova M.I. et al. Surgical treatment of renal cancer complicated by tumor venous thrombosis of levels III-IV thrombosis of levels III-IV. Cancerurology 2016; 12 (4): 21–3. 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