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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6425</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj343%p</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">New in the diagnosis of benign thyroid formations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Новое в диагностике доброкачественных образований щитовидной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-868X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sigal</surname><given-names>Zoltan Moishevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сигал</surname><given-names>Золтан Мойшевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the department of topographic anatomy and operative surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, заведующий кафедры топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства Здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики, доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><email>sigalzm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-1808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Surnina</surname><given-names>Olga Vladimirovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурнина</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Department Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics of the Ural State Medical University "Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Ural Region", Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, IGMA, Chief Free-lance Specialist for Ultrasound Diagnostics of the Ministry of Health of the Urals, doctor of the highest category.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства Здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики; зав. отделения ультразвуковой диагностики БУЗ УР «Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр МЗ УР»</p></bio><email>uzd-ur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Izhevsk State Medical Academy&#13;
The Republican clinical diagnostic center MZ UR</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ижевская государственная медицинская академия, Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр МЗ УР</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 34, NO3 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 34, №3 (2017)</issue-title><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-05-31"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Sigal Z.M., Surnina O.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Сигал З.М., Сурнина О.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sigal Z.M., Surnina O.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сигал З.М., Сурнина О.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/6425">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/6425</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold>. The aim of the study was to reveal the most sensitive and minimally invasive method in the diagnosis of benign thyroid formations.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. Research of 735 people aged 30 to 50 years with various formations in the thyroid gland was analyzed: 27% didn't have pathological formations, 32% had adenoma, 23% had a cyst, and 18% had malignant neoplasms. In clinical studies, we performed ultrasound and transillumination thyroid pulseoptometry. Measurements of hemodynamics and optical density were carried out using the device and the method of Z.M. Sigal</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>. Authentic differences (P &lt;0.05) cysts from adenoma were detected due to studies of the amplitude of pulse oscillations. Differential diagnostics of volumetric formations on the basis of traditional clinico-radiographic research is difficult. Conventional methods of studying thyroid formations don't give specific signs for differentiating cysts and adenomas.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The combination of pulsography and ultrasound as a navigation method allows non-invasive differential diagnosis of benign thyroid formations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Выявить наиболее чувствительный и малоинвазивный метод в диагностике доброкачественных образований щитовидной железы.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Был проанализирован материал обследования 735 человек в возрасте от 30 до 50 лет с различными образованиями в щитовидной железе: у 27% не обнаружено патологических образований, у 32% имеется аденома, у 23% − киста, у 18% − злокачественные новообразования. В клинических исследованиях мы проводили УЗИ и трансиллюминационную пульсооптометрию щитовидной железы. Измерения гемодинамики и оптической плотности проводились при помощи устройства и метода З.М. Сигала.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Достоверные (Р&lt;0,05) отличия кисты от аденомы были обнаружены благодаря исследованиям амплитуды пульсовых осцилляций. Дифференциальная диагностика объемных образований на основании традиционного клинико-рентгенологического исследования трудна. Обычные методы исследования образований щитовидной железы не дают специфические признаки для дифференцирования кисты и аденомы.</p> <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Сочетание пульсографии и ультразвукового исследования как навигационного метода позволяет провести неинвазивную дифференциальную диагностику доброкачественных образований щитовидной железы.</p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical ultrasound, thyroid gland, benign formations, cyst, adenoma, transillumination pulseoptometry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование, щитовидная железа, доброкачественные образования, киста, аденома, трансиллюминационная пульсооптометрия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Borsukov A.V. Modern aspects of nodular goiter diagnosis: a view from the side of radiation diagnosis. 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