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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">690393</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj4265-19</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature review</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзор литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Hepсidin regulation of adaptive immune cell functions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регуляция гепсидином функций клеток адаптивного иммунитета</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-8962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Biology), Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>orlova_katy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-6848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>orlova_katy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-2682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии</p></bio><email>natalitsa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов УрО РАН – филиал ПФИЦ УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Пермский медицинский журнал</issue-title><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/690393">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/690393</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The peptide hormone hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism. Primarily synthesized in the liver, it controls the absorption of iron ions by enterocytes and iron export from cells. Hepcidin acts by binding to its principal target, protein ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation, thereby blocking the release of iron ions from cells. Changes in the intracellular level of iron ions are critical for immune cell function. The synthesis of hepcidin, and consequently ferroportin, increases during inflammation in response to proinflammatory cytokines and to infectious agents that stimulate toll-like receptors. Lymphocyte proliferation is a key stage in the development of the adaptive immune response, and iron is essential for this process. The review analyzes current understanding of the mechanisms of hepcidin immunoregulatory activity in relation to the adaptive immunity cells. Regulation of the intracellular levels of iron ions by hepcidin affects the activation and proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes, directs differentiation of effector subpopulations of T-helper lymphocytes and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, the formation of memory B-cells and antibody production. The relevance of systematizing knowledge about the mechanisms of regulation of iron metabolism and the immunoregulatory activity of hepcidin is determined by the widespread prevalence of iron deficiency conditions and popularity of iron-containing drugs. Understanding the mechanisms of targeted regulation of iron metabolism has profound fundamental and practical significance and opens up new prospects for the treatment of iron deficiency, infectious, oncological and neurodegenerative diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Пептидный гормон гепсидин является ключевым регулятором метаболизма ионов железа. Гормон вырабатывается, главным образом, клетками печени и контролирует абсорбцию ионов железа энтероцитами, а также экспорт ионов железа из клеток. Основной мишенью для действия гепсидина является белок ферропортин. Гормон связывается с ферропортином, вызывая его интернализацию и деградацию, что препятствует выходу ионов железа из клеток. Изменение внутриклеточного уровня ионов железа играет критичную роль для функционирования клеток иммунной системы. Синтез гепсидина и ферропортина усиливается при воспалении под влиянием провоспалительных цитокинов и инфекционных агентов, взаимодействующих с толл-подобными рецепторами. Развертывание адаптивного иммунного ответа включает этап пролиферации лимфоцитов, где ключевую роль играют ионы железа. В обзоре проанализированы современные представления о механизмах реализации иммунорегуляторной активности гормона гепсидина в отношении клеток адаптивного иммунитета. Регуляция гепсидином внутриклеточного уровня ионов железа влияет на активацию, пролиферацию Т- и В-лимфоцитов, направляет дифференцировку эффекторных субпопуляций Т-лимфоцитов-хелперов и цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов, формирование В-клеток памяти и продукцию антител. Актуальность систематизации знаний о механизмах регуляции метаболизма ионов железа и иммунорегуляторной активности гепсидина определяется широким распространением железодефицитных состояний и популярностью железосодержащих препаратов. Понимание механизмов направленной регуляции метаболизма ионов железа имеет глубокое фундаментальное и практическое значение и открывает новые перспективы для лечения железодефицитных состояний, инфекционных, онкологических, нейродегенеративных заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hepcidin</kwd><kwd>iron ions</kwd><kwd>adaptive immune cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гепсидин</kwd><kwd>ионы железа</kwd><kwd>клетки адаптивного иммунитета</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>25-25-00388</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Мильто И.В., Суходоло И.В., Прокопьева В.Д., Климентьева Т.К. 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