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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">703217</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj43393-102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Early markers of developmental motor dysphasia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ранние маркеры моторной дисфазии развития</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9073-1445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Palchik</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пальчик</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc in Medicine, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>natamed23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3637-6902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc in Medicine, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>natamed23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9391-7472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>natamed23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-6493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>natamed23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">First Medical and Pedagogical Center Lingua Bona</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый медико-педагогический центр «Лингва Бона»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>43</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/703217">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/703217</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective. </bold>To determine early markers of developmental motor dysphasia. Neurodevelopmental disorders have various clinical manifestations, age of manifestation, and severity. One of the urgent tasks is to identify early predictors of deviant variants of children's development. Speech development disorder is observed in 3–7 % of observations in the pediatric population. Fundamental and early stages of neuropsychological development of the fetus and newborn are motor patterns and preverbal vocalizations.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> Of the 96 infants included in the study, a comprehensive dynamic examination was carried out on 28 children of low perinatal risk by the age of 3, of which two observation groups were formed. Group I (<italic>n</italic> = 16) – children without deviations in neurological status, psychomotor and speech development at the time of examination; Group II (<italic>n</italic> = 12) had developmental motor dysphasia by the age of 3 years during prospective observation.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> In children with the development of motor dysphasia, suboptimal qualitative parameters of generalized GMs in the distal parts of the hands were significantly more often revealed: hand-to-hand contact, manipulative, tracing movements in the period up to 5 months. A relationship was noted between the quality of manipulative and tracing movements, hand-to-hand contact with the amplitude and power parameters of vocalization. Violation of the formation of the spatial organization of hand movements in the first months of life is associated with the severity of expressive speech disorders at 3 years. The obtained results can be interpreted within the framework of the patterns of early ontogenesis of the nervous system. At the same time, the lateral (younger) corticospinal system regulates fine motor skills, is faster in relation to the executive function. Taking into account the somatotopic projections, manual skills are regulated from the inferior parietal and temporal regions of the cerebral cortex, which are anatomically adjacent to Broca's area (44, 45 Brodmann areas) of the posterior inferior part of the 3rd frontal gyrus.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Patterns of qualitative changes in fine motor skills during the period of key neurological transition may serve as early markers of the development of motor dysphasia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель. </bold>Определение ранних маркеров моторной дисфазии развития. Нарушения нейроразвития имеют разнообразные клинические проявления, возраст манифестации, степень тяжести. Одной из актуальных задач является выявление ранних предикторов девиантных вариантов развития детей. Расстройства развития речи отмечаются в 3–7 % наблюдений в детской популяции. Фундаментальными и ранними этапами нервно-психического развития плода и новорожденного являются двигательные паттерны и довербальные вокализации.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Из включенных в исследование 96 младенцев к 3 годам комплексное динамическое обследование удалось провести 28 детям с низким перинатальным риском, из которых сформировано две группы наблюдения: I группа (<italic>n</italic> = 16) – дети без отклонений в неврологическом статусе, психомоторном и речевом развитии на момент обследования; II группа (<italic>n</italic> = 12) – дети, имеющие моторную дисфазию развития к 3 годам, находящиеся в процессе проспективного наблюдения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У детей с развитием моторной дисфазии достоверно чаще выявлены субоптимальные значения качественных параметров GMs в дистальных отделах рук: контакты «рука – рука», манипулятивные, перебирающие движения в период до 5 месяцев. Отмечена связь качества манипулятивных и перебирающих движений, контактов «рука – рука» с амплитудными и мощностными параметрами вокализации. Нарушение формирования пространственной организации движений рук в первые месяцы жизни ассоциированы с тяжестью расстройств экспрессивной речи в 3 года. Полученные результаты можно интерпретировать в рамках закономерностей раннего онтогенеза нервной системы. При этом латеральная (более молодая) кортикоспинальная система регулирует тонкую моторику, является более быстрой в отношении исполнительной функции. С учетом соматотопических проекций, мануальные навыки регулируются из нижнетеменных и височных областей коры головного мозга, которые анатомически соседствуют с центром Брока (44, 45 поля Бродмана) задней нижней части 3-й лобной извилины.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Паттерны качественных изменений тонкой моторики в период основной неврологической трансформации могут служить ранними маркерами развития моторной дисфазии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>developmental motor dysphasia</kwd><kwd>speech disorders in children</kwd><kwd>generalized movements</kwd><kwd>infants</kwd><kwd>key neurological transition</kwd><kwd>neurodevelopmental disorder</kwd><kwd>fine motor skills</kwd><kwd>ontogenesis of the nervous system</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>моторная дисфазия развития</kwd><kwd>речевые нарушения у детей</kwd><kwd>генерализованные движения</kwd><kwd>младенцы</kwd><kwd>основная неврологическая трансформация</kwd><kwd>нарушение нейроразвития</kwd><kwd>мелкая моторика</kwd><kwd>онтогенез нервной системы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Morris-Rosendahl D.J., Crocq M.A. Neurodevelopmental disorders-the history and future of a diagnostic concept. 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