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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">703564</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj43121-34</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Circadian blood pressure rhythm disturbances, pre-heart failure stage, and chronic kidney disease as predictors of adverse prognosis in patients with uncomplicated hypertension and long-term post-COVID syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нарушения суточного ритма артериального давления, предстадия сердечной недостаточности и хроническая болезнь почек – предикторы неблагоприятного прогноза у больных неосложненной гипертонической болезнью с длительным постковидным синдромом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3364-0591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Masalkina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масалкина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней и кардиологии</p></bio><email>omasalkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-5186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Koziolova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козиолова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней и кардиологии</p></bio><email>omasalkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6544-3320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Veselkova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веселкова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student of the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней и кардиологи</p></bio><email>omasalkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8231-8656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Larina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Applicant of the Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель кафедры внутренних болезней и кардиологии</p></bio><email>omasalkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>43</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-01"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-01"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/703564">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/703564</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective.</bold><bold> </bold>To identify predictors of poor prognosis in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) without associated clinical conditions who have long-term post-COVID syndrome (LPS).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>This work presents a subanalysis of a prospective observational study, which included 258 patients with AH and LPS according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidence of fatal events and any hospitalizations was recorded throughout the follow-up period. At the end of the follow-up period, the patients were divided into 2 groups based on prognostic parameters: Group 1 included 65 patients who experienced adverse events, and Group 2 comprised 193 patients with no fatal events and hospitalizations during the observation period.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>In 33.7 % of patients with uncomplicated AH, the development of LPS was associated with a risk of all-cause mortality (4.6 %) and hospitalizations (95.4 %) after 22.5 ± 8.4 months of follow-up. Uncontrolled AH based on home measurement, failure to achieve the target nocturnal blood pressure (BP), and a morning systolic BP surge &gt; 56 mm Hg increased the relative risk (RR) of an adverse prognosis in patients with AH, LPS, and no associated clinical conditions by 1.9-fold; a non-dipper/night-peaker circadian BP profile increased it by 3.2-fold; a mean 24-hour pulse pressure &gt; 53 mm Hg increased it by 2-fold; and nocturnal masked AH increased it by 3.6-fold. Structural and functional left ventricular (LV) remodeling characterized by LV diastolic dysfunction, LV hypertrophy, elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, and indicative of preclinical chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with uncomplicated AH and LPS without symptoms and signs of circulatory insufficiency, increased the RR of an adverse prognosis by an average of 2–2.5 times. Only an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (calculated using cystatin C alone or its combination with creatinine), and a urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio &gt;300 mg/g, indicated a poor prognosis in patients with uncomplicated AH and LPS, increasing the RR by 2.0, 1.2, and 1.8 times, respectively. The development or progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with AH and LPS increased the RR of poor prognosis by 2.2-fold.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> LPS in patients with uncomplicated AH is associated with a high incidence of adverse prognosis. The predictive value for adverse outcomes in this patient population was demonstrated by indicators reflecting the uncontrolled course of AH, particularly at night and early in the morning, the presence of preclinical CHF and CKD.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель<italic>.</italic></bold><bold> </bold>Определить предикторы неблагоприятного прогноза у больных гипертонической болезнью (ГБ) без ассоциированных клинических состояний с длительным постковидным синдромом (ДПС).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы<italic>.</italic></bold> Представлен субанализ проспективного наблюдательного исследования, в которое вошло 258 больных ГБ с ДПС в соответствии с критериями включения и невключения. В течение всего периода наблюдения регистрировалась частота смертельных событий и любых госпитализаций. В конце периода наблюдения больных разделили на две группы в зависимости от прогностических показателей: в первую группу было включено 65 больных, у которых были зарегистрированы неблагоприятные события, во вторую – 193 пациента без фатальных событий и госпитализаций за период наблюдения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты<italic>.</italic></bold><italic> </italic>У 33,7 % пациентов с неосложненной ГБ развитие ДПС ассоциируется с риском развития общей смертности (4,6 %) и госпитализаций (95,4 %) через 22,5 ± 8,4 месяца наблюдения. Неконтролируемая ГБ, определяемая при домашнем измерении, недостижение целевого уровня АД в ночное время и величина утреннего подъема систолического АД &gt; 56 мм увеличивают относительный риск (ОР) неблагоприятного прогноза у больных ГБ без ассоциированных клинических состояний и ДПС в 1,9 раза, нарушения суточного ритма АД категории non-dipper/night peaker – в 3,2 раза, величина среднего суточного пульсового АД &gt; 53 мм рт. ст. – в 2 раза, ночная маскированная артериальная гипертензия – в 3,6 раза. Структурно-функциональное ремоделирование левого желудочка (ЛЖ), характеризующееся диастолической дисфункцией ЛЖ, гипертрофией ЛЖ, увеличением N-терминального фрагмента мозгового натрийуретического пептида и отражающее развитие предстадии хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН), у больных неосложненной ГБ и ДПС без симптомов и признаков недостаточности кровообращения увеличивает ОР развития неблагоприятного прогноза в среднем в 2–2,5 раза. Только скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ), рассчитанная по цистатину С или его комбинации с креатинином, менее &lt; 60 мл/мин/1,73 м<sup>2</sup> и соотношение белка к креатинину мочи &gt; 300 мг/г определяют неблагоприятный прогноз у больных неосложненной ГБ и ДПС, ОР которого увеличивается в 2; 1,2 и 1,8 раза соответственно. Развитие или прогрессирование хронической болезни почек (ХБП) у больных ГБ и ДПС увеличивает ОР неблагоприятного прогноза в 2,2 раза.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>ДПС у больных неосложненной ГБ взаимосвязан с высокой частотой неблагоприятного прогноза. Предикторную ценность в развитии неблагоприятного прогноза у больных неосложненной ГБ с ДПС продемонстрировали показатели, отражающие неконтролируемое течение ГБ, преимущественно в ночное время и ранние утренние часы, наличие предстадии ХСН и ХБП.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uncomplicated arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>long-term post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>adverse prognosis</kwd><kwd>predictors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неосложненная гипертоническая болезнь</kwd><kwd>длительный постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>неблагоприятный прогноз</kwd><kwd>предикторы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Nasserie T., Hittle M., Goodman S.N. Assessment of the frequency and variety of persistent symptoms among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. JAMA Netw Open. 2021; 4 (5): e2111417. 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