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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Perm Medical Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Perm Medical Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пермский медицинский журнал (сетевое издание "Perm medical journal")</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0136-1449</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1408</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">75989</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/pmj38315-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of sleep disorders in children 3-7 years of age in perm</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распространенность нарушений сна у детей в возрасте 3–7 лет, проживающих в г. Перми</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, директор</p></bio><email>tpkalashnikova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Neurology and Medical Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры неврологии и медицинской генетики</p></bio><email>tpkalashnikova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezdomnikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бездомникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая</p></bio><email>tpkalashnikova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lingua Bona" LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ПМПЦ «Лингва Бона»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">CRR - Kindergarten № 161</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ЦРР – детский сад № 161</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-07-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-12"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-07-12"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Anisimov G.V., Kalashnikova T.P., Bezdomnikova E.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Анисимов Г.В., Калашникова Т.П., Бездомникова Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anisimov G.V., Kalashnikova T.P., Bezdomnikova E.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анисимов Г.В., Калашникова Т.П., Бездомникова Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/75989">https://permmedjournal.ru/PMJ/article/view/75989</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective.</bold> The article analyzes the clinical features of sleep in preschoolers aged 3-7 years in the city of Perm on the basis of a continuous questionnaire method.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The presence of complaints related to sleep at the time of the survey was substantiated in 45 % of children of the younger age group (from 3 to 5 years) and 41 % of children in the older age group (from 5 to 7 years).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Sexual dimorphism manifested itself in a significant dominance of intrasomnic disturbances with frequent awakenings and increased motor activity during sleep in older boys. Nocturnal pains and / or cramps in the leg muscles prevailed in girls of the older age group. In the structure of parasomnias in Perm preschool children, there predominated nightmares (16.5 %), night fears (13.3 %), bruxism (14.8 %), sleepwalking (12.8 %), enuresis (8.2 %). Every fifth child of preschool age had sleep with an open mouth, snoring or puffing, hyperhidrosis during sleep and chronic adenotonsillar pathology, which does not exclude the presence of obstructive sleep apnea / hypopnea syndrome in this category of children.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Sleep disorders were noted in a quarter of children under one year of age, manifested by difficult falling asleep, restless sleep and sleep inversion, which can be a marker of both disorders of maturation of chronobiological mechanisms and a high percentage of childhood behavioral insomnia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель. </bold>На основании метода сплошного анкетирования проанализировать клинические особенности сна дошкольников в возрасте 3–7 лет, проживающих в г. Перми.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> На момент обследования обосновано наличие жалоб, связанных со сном, у 45 % детей младшей возрастной группы (от 3 до 5 лет) и 41 % детей старшей возрастной группы (от 5 до 7 лет).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Половой диморфизм проявлялся в достоверном доминировании интрасомнических нарушений с частыми пробуждениями и повышенной двигательной активностью во сне у мальчиков старшей возрастной группы. Ночные боли и/или судороги в мышцах ног превалировали у девочек старшей возрастной группы. В структуре парасомний у детей дошкольного возраста преобладали ночные кошмары (16,5 %), ночные страхи (13,3 %), бруксизм (14,8 %), сноговорение (12,8 %), энурез (8,2 %). У каждого пятого ребенка дошкольного возраста определялись сон с открытым ртом, храп или сопение, потливость во время сна и хроническая аденотонзиллярная патология, что не исключает наличия синдрома обструктивных апноэ/гипопноэ сна у этой категории детей.</p> <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Расстройства сна отмечались у четверти детей до года, проявляющиеся трудностью засыпания, беспокойным сном, инверсией сна, что может быть маркером как нарушения созревания хронобиологических механизмов, так и детской поведенческой инсомнии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preschool children</kwd><kwd>sleep disorders</kwd><kwd>parasomnias in children</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети дошкольного возраста</kwd><kwd>нарушения сна</kwd><kwd>парасомнии у детей</kwd><kwd>синдром обструктивных апноэ сна у детей</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sudareva T.V. 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