Features of Polar Substorms: An Analysis of Individual Events

N. G. Kleimenova; Клейменова Н. Г.; L. I. Gromova; Громова Л. И.; I. V. Despirak; Дэспирак И. В.; L. M. Malysheva; Малышева Л. М.; S. V. Gromov; Громов С. В.; A. A. Lyubchich; Любчич А. А.

doi:10.31857/S0016794023600023

Features of Polar Substorms: An Analysis of Individual Events

Authors: Kleimenova N.G.¹, Gromova L.I.², Despirak I.V.³, Malysheva L.M.¹, Gromov S.V.², Lyubchich A.A.³
Affiliations:
1. Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPE RAS)
2. Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences (IZMIRAN)
3. Polar Geophysical Institute
Issue: Vol 63, No 3 (2023)
Pages: 327-339
Section: Articles
URL: https://permmedjournal.ru/0016-7940/article/view/651013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016794023600023
EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PMHUMI
ID: 651013

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Abstract
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Abstract

Polar substorms include substorms observed at geomagnetic latitudes above 70° MLAT in the
absence of simultaneous negative magnetic bays at lower latitudes, that is, substorms on the compressed contracted
auroral oval. The general morphological features of polar substorms are considered based on the
example of individual events registered on Svalbard arch. It is shown that polar substorms, like “classical”
substorms, are characterized by the formation of a substorm current wedge and a steplike movement to the
pole after the onset of a substorm, generation of Pi2 geomagnetic pulsations, and an increase of the PC-index
of the polar cap before the onset of the substorm. At the same time, there are certain differences between polar
substorms and “classical” substorms; namely, they start on more distant L-shells, develop in the region of a
contracted auroral oval, occur at earlier pre-midnight hours, and generate only at low solar wind speeds and
weakly disturbed geomagnetic conditions. It has been suggested that polar substorms may be a specific type
of “classical” substorms that develop in the evening sector under magnetically quiet or weakly disturbed conditions
when the auroral oval is concracted. The source of polar substorms may also be a local intensification
of previously existing substorms in the post-midnight sector

References

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