Трансформация состояний плюрипотентности в ходе морфогенеза эпибласта мыши и человека

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Аннотация

Плюрипотентный статус клетки in vivo имеет пространственно-временную регуляцию в рамках эмбриогенеза и обусловлен процессами самообновления, бесконечной пролиферации и дифференцировки во все типы клеток организма. Статус плюрипотентности был охарактеризован при исследовании клеток тератокарциномы, а затем это понятие было применено к эмбриональным клеткам преимплантационного эмбриона мыши. Плюрипотентные стволовые клетки (ПСК) мыши и человека образуются в преимплантационный период и присутствуют у эмбриона до начала гаструляции. Одно из основных событий раннего развития млекопитающих – разделение внутренней клеточной массы бластоцисты (ВКМ) на гипобласт и эпибласт, который дает начало собственно эмбриону. В ходе морфогенетических процессов, связанных с формированием эпибласта, состояния плюрипотентности его клеток трансформируются. Таким образом, клетки ВКМ бластоцисты эпигенетическим и транскрипционным паттернами отличаются от своих дочерних клеток пери/постимплантационного эпибласта. С началом гаструляционных движений созревание клеток эпибласта завершается их дифференцировкой в клетки трех зародышевых листков. В данном обзоре рассмотрены исторические аспекты изучения плюрипотентности клеток, различные источники ПСК, механизмы и сигнальные пути, поддерживающие самообновление и плюрипотентность клеток в культурах ПСК. Кроме того, мы обобщили данные о морфогенетических процессах, которые влияют на образование наивных клеток ВКМ in vivo и последующее созревание клеток эпибласта мыши и человека, связанное с трансформацией их состояний плюрипотентности.

Об авторах

В. К. Абдыев

Институт биологии развития им. Н.К. Кольцова РАН

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: mailtovepa@gmail.com
Россия, 119334, Москва, ул. Вавилова 26

Е. В. Алпеева

Институт биологии развития им. Н.К. Кольцова РАН

Email: mailtovepa@gmail.com
Россия, 119334, Москва, ул. Вавилова 26

Е. Н. Калистратова

Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова,
биологический факультет

Email: mailtovepa@gmail.com
Россия, 119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

Е. А. Воротеляк

Институт биологии развития им. Н.К. Кольцова РАН

Email: mailtovepa@gmail.com
Россия, 119334, Москва, ул. Вавилова 26

А. В. Васильев

Институт биологии развития им. Н.К. Кольцова РАН; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова,
биологический факультет

Email: mailtovepa@gmail.com
Россия, 119334, Москва, ул. Вавилова 26; Россия, 119234, Москва, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 12

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