Annual forage phytocenoses as links in the technological conveyor in the conditions of Sakhalin Island

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Abstract

The article identifies the main reasons for the insufficient supply of feed for highly productive livestock farming in the island region (Sakhalin Island). Ways have been proposed to transition to a new level of development of adaptive feed production based on existing scientific developments at Sakhalin Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Federal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after. N. I. Vavilov (SakhNIISKh – a branch of VIR), the results of agroecological testing of various types and varieties of annual forage crops with different ripening periods, improved technological methods for cultivating the most promising phytocenoses in their pure form and grass mixtures in the main, intermediate and mowing crops. For the first time in a monsoon climate, a technological scheme for the uninterrupted supply of feed mass from annual phytocenoses has been developed to organize a green (raw material) conveyor during the summer-autumn period for the sustainable production of high-quality bulk feed. The complex of forage crops proposed for cultivation is characterized not only by a variety of uses and high productivity (20–60 t/ha of green mass, 4–12 t/ha of dry matter), but also by the ability to extend the period of operation of the green (raw material) conveyor to an average of 120–125 days. Improving the structure of the mowing areas of forage crops guarantees the production of high-quality feed with a nutritional value of 1 kg of dry matter not lower than 9–10 MJ of metabolizable energy and a crude protein content of 13–14%.

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Vera A. Chuvilina

Sakhalin Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Federal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after. N. I. Vavilov

Author for correspondence.
Email: solovushka.06@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0180-1849

Candidate of Sciences in Agriculture, Leading Researcher

Russian Federation, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

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