Breeding of grain and cereal crops under the conditions of monsoon climate

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Abstract

Creating high-yielding varieties of wheat, barley, and buckwheat with resistance to lodging and high technological and biochemical parameters of grain is one of the most important challenges for breeding. The paper evaluates some varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) from a competitive variety trial under the conditions of the monsoon climate of Primorsky kray. The research was conducted at FSBSI “FSC of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika” in 2021–2023. Eleven soft spring wheat varieties, eleven spring barley varieties, and ten buckwheat varieties were used as the research object. The following varieties were selected based on the results of the complex study on economically important traits (plant height, ear length, the number of grains per ear, yield, and resistance to lodging), biochemical (protein, gluten, starch, oil, and cereal yield) and technological parameters (grain hardness, bulk density, and TKW):wheat – Primorskaya 219, Primorskaya 269, and Primorskaya 274; spring barley – Primorskii 100 and Primorskii 153; buckwheat – Primorskaya 442 andPrimorskaya 437. Many years of breeding work resulted in the creation of new highly productive varieties of soft spring wheat Primorskaya 274 (Okeanskaya) and spring barley Primorskii 153 (Ussuriets), which were submitted to the State variety testing in 2023.

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About the authors

Aleksei G. Klykov

Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika

Email: alex.klykov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2390-3486

Academician of RAS, Doctor of Sciences in Biology

Russian Federation, Ussuriysk, Timiryazevsky stl.

Galina A. Murugova

Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika

Email: gal.murugova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4203-851X

Candidate of Sciences in Agriculture, Senior Researcher

Russian Federation, Ussuriysk, Timiryazevsky stl.

Inna V. Konovalova

Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika

Author for correspondence.
Email: konovalovainna@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1836-5342

Candidate of Sciences in Agriculture, Senior Researcher

Russian Federation, Ussuriysk, Timiryazevsky stl.

Oksana A. Timoshinova

Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika

Email: timoshinova1981@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7649-3513

Researcher

Russian Federation, Ussuriysk, Timiryazevsky stl.

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2. Fig. 1. Yield (t/ha) of competitive trial varieties: a – spring soft wheat, b – spring barley, c – buckwheat; 1 – 2021, 2 – 2022, 3 – 2023.

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